1. What Is The Average Power Formula?

The average power formula calculates the real power consumed or delivered by electrical signals and devices in AC circuits. It accounts for both voltage and current magnitudes as well as the phase difference between them.

2. How Does The Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the average power formula:

Where:

• \( V_{rms} \) — Root mean square voltage (V)
• \( I_{rms} \) — Root mean square current (A)
• \( \theta \) — Phase angle between voltage and current (degrees)
• \( \cos(\theta) \) — Power factor

Explanation: The formula calculates the actual power transferred in AC circuits, accounting for the phase relationship between voltage and current waveforms.

3. Importance Of Average Power Calculation

Details: Accurate power calculation is essential for circuit design, energy efficiency analysis, power system planning, and determining the actual power consumption of electrical devices.

4. Using The Calculator

Tips: Enter RMS voltage in volts, RMS current in amperes, and phase angle in degrees. All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is RMS value?
A: RMS (Root Mean Square) is the effective value of an AC waveform that produces the same heating effect as a DC value.

Q2: What does the power factor represent?
A: The power factor (cosθ) represents the ratio of real power to apparent power and indicates how effectively power is being used.

Q3: When is average power maximum?
A: Average power is maximum when voltage and current are in phase (θ = 0°, cosθ = 1), meaning all power is real power.

Q4: What happens when θ = 90°?
A: When θ = 90°, cosθ = 0, so average power becomes zero, indicating purely reactive power with no real power transfer.

Q5: How does this apply to three-phase systems?
A: For balanced three-phase systems, the formula is multiplied by √3 for line-to-line measurements: P = √3 × V_L × I_L × cosθ.